feat: remove datastores and implement Managers (#3696)

* Initial commit: add 5 initial managers

- Base manager
- GuildChannelManager
- MessageManager
- PresenceManager
- Reaction Manager
- Added LimitedCollection

* Add GuildEmojiManager, various fixes

* Modify some managers and add guildmembermanager

* Initial integration

* Delete old stores

* Integration part two, removed LRUCollection

- Most of the integration has been finished
- TODO typings
- Removed LRUCollection, needless sweeping

* Typings + stuff i somehow missed in ChannelManager

* LimitedCollection typings/ final changes

* Various jsdoc and syntactical fixes, Removed Util.mixin()

* tslint fix

* Grammatical and logical changes

* Delete temporary file placed by mistake

* Grammatical changes

* Add missing type

* Update jsdoc examples

* fix: ChannelManager#remove should call cache#delete not cache#remove

* fix recursive require

* Fix missed cache in util

* fix: more missed cache

* Remove accidental _fetchMany change from #3645

* fix: use .cache.delete() over .remove()

* fix: missing cache in ReactionCollector

* fix: missed cache in client

* fix: members is a collection not a manager

Co-Authored-By: Sugden <28943913+NotSugden@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix: various docs and cache fixes

* fix: missed cache

* fix: missing _roles

* Final testing and debugging

* LimitedCollection: return the Collection instead of undefined on .set

* Add cache to BaseManager in typings

* Commit fixes i forgot to stage yesterday

* Update invite events

* Account for new commit

* fix: MessageReactionRemoveAll should call .cache.clear()

* fix: add .cache at various places, correct return type

* docs: remove mentions of 'store'

* Add extra documented properties to typings

Co-authored-by: Sugden <28943913+NotSugden@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: SpaceEEC <spaceeec@yahoo.com>

src/managers/BaseManager.js

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const Collection = require('../util/Collection');
+let Structures;
+
+/**
+ * Manages the API methods of a data model and holds its cache.
+ * @abstract
+ */
+class BaseManager {
+  constructor(client, iterable, holds, cacheType = Collection, ...cacheOptions) {
+    if (!Structures) Structures = require('../util/Structures');
+    /**
+     * The data structure belonging to this manager
+     * @name BaseManager#holds
+     * @type {Function}
+     * @private
+     * @readonly
+     */
+    Object.defineProperty(this, 'holds', { value: Structures.get(holds.name) || holds });
+
+    /**
+     * The client that instantiated this Manager
+     * @name BaseManager#client
+     * @type {Client}
+     * @readonly
+     */
+    Object.defineProperty(this, 'client', { value: client });
+
+    /**
+     * The type of Collection of the Manager
+     * @type {Collection}
+     */
+    this.cacheType = cacheType;
+
+    /**
+    * Holds the cache for the data model
+    * @type {?Collection}
+    */
+    this.cache = new cacheType(...cacheOptions);
+    if (iterable) for (const i of iterable) this.add(i);
+  }
+
+  add(data, cache = true, { id, extras = [] } = {}) {
+    const existing = this.cache.get(id || data.id);
+    if (existing && existing._patch && cache) existing._patch(data);
+    if (existing) return existing;
+
+    const entry = this.holds ? new this.holds(this.client, data, ...extras) : data;
+    if (cache) this.cache.set(id || entry.id, entry);
+    return entry;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Resolves a data entry to a data Object.
+   * @param {string|Object} idOrInstance The id or instance of something in this Manager
+   * @returns {?Object} An instance from this Manager
+   */
+  resolve(idOrInstance) {
+    if (idOrInstance instanceof this.holds) return idOrInstance;
+    if (typeof idOrInstance === 'string') return this.cache.get(idOrInstance) || null;
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Resolves a data entry to a instance ID.
+   * @param {string|Instance} idOrInstance The id or instance of something in this Manager
+   * @returns {?Snowflake}
+   */
+  resolveID(idOrInstance) {
+    if (idOrInstance instanceof this.holds) return idOrInstance.id;
+    if (typeof idOrInstance === 'string') return idOrInstance;
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = BaseManager;